Which test is generally preferred by other graduate programs

Okay, so I’m applying to graduate programs in psychology, specifically clinical psychology programs. I’m trying to figure out whether to take the GRE or the MAT. I know the GRE is more common, but I’ve heard some programs are starting to accept the MAT or even prefer it because it’s seen as a better measure of critical thinking skills.

My question is, which test is generally preferred by other graduate programs, specifically in psychology? I’m not asking which one I should take based on my strengths, but rather which one gives me a broader range of application options. Like, if I only have the MAT, will I be automatically disqualified from applying to a significant number of schools?

Also, if the GRE is still more common, does it matter if my score is average-ish, versus a really high MAT score? I’m just trying to maximize my chances and want to make sure I’m not limiting myself by only taking the MAT if most programs still heavily weigh the GRE. I’m mostly looking at PhD programs, by the way, not Master’s. And my target programs are mostly in the US, but I’m also considering some Canadian options.

Answer

The question of which standardized test is "generally preferred" by graduate programs is complex and nuanced. There isn’t a single, universally applicable answer. The preference depends heavily on the specific program, department, discipline, and even individual faculty within a university. However, we can provide a detailed breakdown of the factors influencing test preference and current trends.

Historically and Currently Dominant Test: The GRE (Graduate Record Examinations)

For many years, the GRE has been the most widely accepted standardized test for graduate admissions across a broad range of disciplines. Its widespread acceptance established it as a standard benchmark for evaluating applicants from diverse undergraduate backgrounds. Many graduate programs explicitly required the GRE and used it as a significant factor in their admission decisions.

Factors Influencing the Use of the GRE:

• Standardization: The GRE is a standardized test designed to assess skills deemed important for graduate-level work, such as verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and analytical writing. It provides a common metric for comparing applicants from different institutions with varying grading systems and curricula.
• Predictive Validity (Perceived): While the actual predictive validity of the GRE has been debated extensively, many programs historically believed it could predict success in graduate coursework and research.
• Familiarity: Graduate programs have decades of experience using the GRE, accumulating data on its correlation with student performance. This familiarity made it a comfortable and established part of the admissions process.
• Holistic Review: Many programs claimed to use the GRE as one factor among many in a holistic review process, considering factors like GPA, letters of recommendation, statement of purpose, research experience, and other relevant qualifications.
• Funding and Fellowships: Some universities or external funding agencies required GRE scores for awarding fellowships and scholarships.

Rise of GRE Optional/GRE-Free Programs and Its Implications:

In recent years, there has been a significant trend towards graduate programs making the GRE optional or even entirely removing it from their admissions requirements. Several factors have contributed to this shift:

• Concerns about Bias and Equity: Extensive research has suggested that GRE scores can be correlated with socioeconomic status, race, and ethnicity. Critics argue that relying heavily on the GRE can disadvantage underrepresented groups and perpetuate systemic inequalities in higher education.
• Limited Predictive Validity: Studies have questioned the actual predictive validity of the GRE, particularly when considering factors like GPA, research experience, and other elements of the application. Some research has suggested that undergraduate GPA is a stronger predictor of graduate school success.
• Focus on Holistic Review: Many programs are shifting towards a more holistic review process that emphasizes qualitative factors like research experience, letters of recommendation, and the applicant’s statement of purpose. This shift aims to evaluate applicants based on a broader range of skills and experiences relevant to their chosen field.
• Cost and Accessibility: The GRE fee and associated costs (test preparation materials, travel to testing centers) can be a barrier for some applicants, particularly those from low-income backgrounds. Removing the GRE requirement can make graduate education more accessible.
• COVID-19 Pandemic: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted standardized testing, leading many programs to temporarily waive the GRE requirement. Some of these programs have since made the GRE optional or permanently removed it.

Disciplines and Specific Test Preferences (Beyond GRE):

While the GRE is/was prevalent, certain disciplines traditionally prefer or require other standardized tests:

• Business Schools: GMAT (Graduate Management Admission Test) or GRE are commonly accepted. Many programs express no preference if both are accepted.
• Law Schools: LSAT (Law School Admission Test) is required.
• Medical Schools: MCAT (Medical College Admission Test) is required.
• Other Health Professions: Some health professions programs (e.g., physical therapy, occupational therapy) may require the GRE, but this is becoming less common. Specific program requirements vary.

Current State of "Preference" and How to Determine It:

Given the evolving landscape, there is no single "preferred" test across all graduate programs. The best approach for prospective graduate students is to:

1. Research Specific Programs: Carefully review the admissions requirements for each program you are interested in. Pay close attention to whether the GRE is required, optional, or not considered.
2. Contact the Department: If the program’s website is unclear, contact the department or admissions office directly to inquire about their stance on standardized tests.
3. consider Your Strengths: If the GRE is optional, consider your strengths and weaknesses. If you are a strong test-taker, submitting a good GRE score might enhance your application. However, if you struggle with standardized tests or have a strong application in other areas, you might choose not to submit your scores.
4. Look for Implicit Preferences: Some programs that are GRE-optional may still signal an implicit preference for applicants who submit scores. This may be evident in their admissions statistics or in discussions with current students or faculty.

Conclusion:

The "preferred" test varies greatly depending on the specific graduate program. While the GRE was historically dominant, the trend is shifting toward GRE-optional or GRE-free admissions, particularly in fields outside of traditionally test-heavy disciplines (like law and medicine). Thorough research of individual program requirements and considering your own strengths are crucial for making informed decisions about standardized tests.